Lincoln's second inauguration took place on March 4, 1865, only a month before the end of the Civil War. Many Northerners expected to hear a victory speech from Lincoln, but instead, the president delivered what is thought of as one of the best speeches in U.S. history, calling for peace and brotherhood. Lincoln was assassinated just over a month later by John Wilkes Booth, who had attended the Inauguration. Both men can be clearly seen in this image.